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Vitiligo
Vitiligo

Vitiligo

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Vitiligo, also known as albinismvitiligo is a skin disorder characterised by a loss of pigment, leading to the appearance of white patches on the skin. Vitiligo is a dermatological condition that affects children as well as adults. Although it is not painful, it can significantly affect the patient's psyche and self-esteem. The condition can appear at any age, but is most commonly diagnosed in people between 10 and 30 years of age.

The causes of vitiligo can vary. Congenital vitiligo is caused by genetic factors. The development of vitiligo can also occur due to disorders of the immune and nervous systems. Discolouration on the skin may appear due to the destruction of melanin-producing cells. If this is the case, it is referred to as acquired vitiligo.

Characteristic symptom of vitiligo są symetryczne kredowo-białe plamy – wyraźnie odgraniczone od reszty skóry. Zmiany chorobowe są zlokalizowane w różnych miejscach na ciele i powstają na skutek zaburzenia melanogenezy. Bleaching stains, inaczej plamy depigmentacyjne lub plamy odbarwieniowe, nie są bolesne ani nie powodują świądu.

Treatment of vitiligo zwykle obejmuje terapię światłem oraz stosowanie miejscowo leków, na przykład glikokortykosteroidów czy inhibitorów kalcyneuryny. W niektórych przypadkach stosowana jest również phototherapy, której celem jest pobudzenie procesów repigmentacji skóry. W wybranych sytuacjach wykorzystywana może być także laser therapy. Dobór odpowiedniej metody leczenia wymaga konsultacji z dermatologiem i zależy od rodzaju oraz rozległości zmian skórnych.

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